James A Platts-Mills, Jie Liu, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Furqan Kabir et al.
BACKGROUND: Optimum management of childhood diarrhoea in low-resource settings has been hampered by insufficient data on aetiology, burden, and associated clinical characteristics. We used quantitative diagnostic methods to reassess and refine estimates of diarrhoea aetiology from the Etiology, Risk...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Jie Liu, James A Platts-Mills, Furqan Kabir et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteropathogen infections in early childhood not only cause diarrhoea but contribute to poor growth. We used molecular diagnostics to assess whether particular enteropathogens were associated with linear growth across seven low-resource settings. METHODS: We used quantitative PCR to dete...
ForewordIntroduction PART 1: CLIMATE AND CULTURE1. Human Agency, Climate Change and Culture: An Archaeological Perspective, Fekri A. Hassan, University College London2. Climate and Weather Discourse in Anthropology: From Determinism to Uncertain Futures, Nicole Peterson, Columbia University, and Ken...
Shyama Kuruvilla, Julian Schweitzer, David Bishai, Sadia Chowdhury et al.
Reducing maternal and child mortality is a priority in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and will likely remain so after 2015. Evidence exists on the investments, interventions and enabling policies required. Less is understood about why some countries achieve faster progress than other compa...
Caroline Amour, Jean Gratz, Estomih Mduma, Erling Svensen et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteropathogen infections have been associated with enteric dysfunction and impaired growth in children in low-resource settings. In a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED), we describe the epidemiology and impact of Campylobacter infection in the first 2 years of life. METHODS: Children...
Shyama Kuruvilla, Julian Schweitzer, David Bishai, Sadia Chowdhury et al.
Reducing maternal and child mortality is a priority in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and will likely remain so after 2015. Evidence exists on the investments, interventions and enabling policies required. Less is understood about why some countries achieve faster progress than other compa...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Luther A. Bartelt, James A Platts-Mills, Jessica C. Seidman et al.
BACKGROUND.: Giardia are among the most common enteropathogens detected in children in low-resource settings. We describe here the epidemiology of infection with Giardia in the first 2 years of life in the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Conseq...
Yael Velleman, Elizabeth Mason, Wendy Graham, Lenka Beňová et al.
Yael Velleman and colleagues argue for stronger integration between the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and maternal and newborn health sectors. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Shyama Kuruvilla, Julian Schweitzer, David Bishai, Sadia Chowdhury et al.
Introduction Worldwide, accelerated progress is required to achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 (reduce child mortality) and 5 (improve maternal health) as highlighted in the United Nations Secretary-General's Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health. (1) There have been substanti...
Aldo Â. M. Lima, Alberto M. Soares, José Q.S. Filho, Alexandre Havt et al.
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the impact of subclinical enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) infection alone and in combination with other pathogens in the first 6 months of life on child growth. METHODS: Nondiarrheal samples from 1684 children across 8 Multisite Birth Cohort Study, Malnutrition and ...
Sam Hodgson, Alice Williamson, Margherita Bigossi, Daniel Stow et al.
Abstract South Asians develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) early in life and often with normal body mass index (BMI). However, reasons for this are poorly understood because genetic research is largely focused on European ancestry groups. We used recently derived multi-ancestry partitioned polygenic scores...
Benjamin M. Jacobs, Daniel Stow, Sam Hodgson, Julia Zöllner et al.
Abstract Understanding the genetic basis of routinely-acquired blood tests can provide insights into several aspects of human physiology. We report a genome-wide association study of 42 quantitative blood test traits defined using Electronic Healthcare Records (EHRs) of ~50,000 British Bangladeshi a...
Kristopher K. Robison
Abstract Some scholars argue that terrorism has few adverse consequences for political and civil liberties in democracies and that fears about a reversal of freedoms due to counterterror programs are unjustified. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that democracies respond to terrorism in ways that...
Joshua Robert Breedon, Charles R. Marshall, Gavin Giovannoni, David A. van Heel et al.
Abstract Polygenic risk scores aggregate an individual’s burden of risk alleles to estimate the overall genetic risk for a specific trait or disease. Polygenic risk scores derived from genome-wide association studies of European populations perform poorly for other ancestral groups. Given the potent...
Nicole Fusco, Bradley J. Cosentino, James P. Gibbs, Maximilian L. Allen et al.
Urbanization is a persistent and widespread driver of global environmental change, potentially shaping evolutionary processes due to genetic drift and reduced gene flow in cities induced by habitat fragmentation and small population sizes. We tested this prediction for the eastern grey squirrel (Sci...
David W. Eyre, Sheila Lumley, Denise O’Donnell, Mark Campbell et al.
Article Figures and data Abstract Introduction Results Discussion Materials and methods Data availability References Decision letter Author response Article and author information Metrics Abstract We conducted voluntary Covid-19 testing programmes for symptomatic and asymptomatic staff at a UK teach...
Laura G. van Galen, Gabriel Reuben Smith, Andrew J. Margenot, Mark P. Waldrop et al.
Soil microbes drive ecosystem function and play a critical role in how ecosystems respond to global change. Research surrounding soil microbial communities has rapidly increased in recent decades, and substantial data relating to phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and potential enzyme activity have be...
Julia Zöllner, Sarah Finer, Kenneth J. Linton, Shaheen Akhtar et al.
This study assessed the contribution of five genes previously known to be involved in cholestatic liver disease in British Bangladeshi and Pakistani people. Five genes (ABCB4, ABCB11, ATP8B1, NR1H4, TJP2) were interrogated by exome sequencing data of 5236 volunteers. Included were non-synonymous or ...
Julia Zöllner, Binur Orazumbekova, Sam Hodgson, David A. van Heel et al.
British Pakistani and Bangladeshi (BPB) women have disproportionately high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with prevalence estimates up to three times higher than in the general population. They are also at increased risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, leading to significant health...
Md Rakibul Hasan, Katey Mason, Gerald Egbury, Elizabeth Brown et al.
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the academic and social lives of university students, leading to heightened stress, anxiety, and isolation. This study investigates the meta-cognitive resilience of Bangladeshi university students and its role in promoting psycho-social well-being during ...