Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
<div> Serologic surveillance of at-risk populations can be used to directly estimate the incidence of typhoidal <i><i>Salmonella</i></i> infection across a variety of settings, including those without access to facility-based blood-culture surveillance. We collected paired blood samples approximatel...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to the specific antigen target which was used to classify participants’ infection status when calculating seroincidence. Solid lines denote the median seroincidence (y-axis) in each age group (x-axis). Vertical lines represent the 95% credible intervals of the seroincidence es...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to a specific antigen target against which IgG antibodies were measured. Solid lines denote the median of the log10-transformed fluorescence intensity (FI, a proxy for IgG concentration, y-axis) across participant’s baseline samples in each age group (x-axis). Vertical lines r...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel is a histogram of the posterior probability of infection (as indicated by a large rise in IgG) for participants who experienced an increase in IgG between the baseline and follow-up visits. Participants who experienced a decrease in IgG between visits were assumed to have not been infecte...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to a different study site. Lines denote the estimated seroincidence (y-axis) in each age group (x-axis). Solid lines represent seroincidence estimates based on the serologic data generated in this study with a bead-based multiplex assay, while the dashed lines depict previousl...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
IgG measurements refer to standardized log-transformed fluorescence intensity (see methods). Panels in the top, middle, and bottom rows correspond to the Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal study sites, respectively. In each panel, each point represents the anti-HlyE IgG at baseline (x-axis) and the chang...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to the specific antigen target which was used to classify participants’ infection status when calculating seroincidence. Seroincidence estimates for the Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal study sites appear in the top, middle, and bottom row of panels, respectively. Solid lines den...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to the specific antigen target that was used to classify participants’ infection status when calculating seroincidence. Seroincidence estimates for the Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal study sites appear in the top, middle, and bottom row of panels, respectively. Solid lines deno...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Points and lines represent the median estimate and 95% credible interval of HlyE seroincidence, respectively. Panels in the top row correspond to the Bangladesh study site, while those in the bottom row correspond to the Malawi site. Panels in the left column are based on participants who were <1 ye...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Left: Boxplots of the time between the collection of baseline and follow-up samples for participants at the Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal study sites. Box whiskers extend from the minimum to the maximum value. Right: Histograms of the number of participants at each study site with 0–50, 51–100, 101–...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Each panel corresponds to the specific antigen target which was used to classify participants’ infection status when calculating seroincidence. Seroincidence estimates for the Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal study sites appear in the top, middle, and bottom row of panels, respectively. Solid lines den...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
Panels in the top and bottom rows display HlyE seroincidence and crude enteric fever incidence, respectively, at the Bangladesh (left), Malawi (middle), and Nepal (right) study sites. Age-specific incidence is shown for each of the first 5 years of life (black), and for 5-9 year-olds overall (red). ...
Jo Walker (22404069), Paula Russell (11831692), Leanne Kermack (22404072), Tan Trinh Van (4261456) et al.
The height of each bar indicates the monthly number of blood-culture-confirmed enteric fever cases. The orange line represents the monthly estimated HlyE seroincidence, with each participant assigned to the month of the midpoint between their baseline and follow-up samples. The top, middle, and bott...